Un ensayo indicador de luciferasa es un ensayo común en biología molecular que utiliza la enzima luciferasa y un sustrato (como luciferina) para estudiar la regulación génica a nivel de transcripción.Algunas características importantes del ensayo de luciferasa...

Ya sea en el título de una sustancia química o en su descripción, generalmente hay una nota sobre el grado de un reactivo. Si solo usas grado de biología molecular, ¿será un problema el uso de grado HPLC? ¿Qué significan estos grados de reactivo? ¿Cuánto importan...

Genetic manipulation of bacteria, or “genetically engineering” bacteria, involves deletion of its genes and the introduction of foreign genes into the bacterial strain. This technique is a cornerstone of modern bioscience.It is a central step in molecular cloning,...

La transcripción inversa o reversa es una técnica utilizada por los investigadores para generar una hebra complementaria de ADN (ADNc) a partir de ARN. La tecnología se basa en un mecanismo retroviral mediante el cual la enzima transcriptasa inversa puede realizar la...

If a tree falls in the woods, does it know it fell?The answer is yes. In a sense, plants are able to think by perceiving their environment and making decided changes in order to thrive.But when it comes to whether plants can think, plant thought is not at the level of...

Transduction is a method of bacterial gene transfer mediated by viruses. It is a type of horizontal gene transfer because it occurs from the surrounding cells or environment rather than from the parents to offspring (vertically).To learn more about horizontal and...

Muchos experimentos biológicos requieren el uso de tampones para mantener un pH eficaz, lo cual es importante ya que las proteínas y enzimas son sensibles a los cambios de pH, y es fundamental elegir el tampón adecuado para los experimentos actuales y posteriores. En...

Plants always make places seem magical and unique. And there is a reason for that; bright green leaves have the power to transmit peace and tranquility (Lee et al 2015).For those of us who want to make plants part of our daily life, there are a few things to think...

Transduction for genetic engineering of bacteria, over the years, has been standardized using the model bacterium E. coli and the bacteriophage P1. This has resulted in P1 becoming a very well-characterized tool.To facilitate optimal transduction of a DNA fragment of...

Within the realm of science and medicine, the terms luciferin and luciferase may have been commonplace for decades.The root of both of these words is steeped in history, sometimes sparking suspicion. Why the name luciferin? The answer to that question and others will...

RNA plays an essential role in regulation and gene expression, and functions during plant growth and development. Therefore, obtaining sufficient and high-quality plant RNA yields is essential to many biological scientific fields.Plant RNA has several characteristics...

Extracting plant DNA can be a little easier than RNA because DNA is double-stranded, making it more stable and less prone to degradation. However, don’t be overconfident. Several aspects should still be considered before extracting DNA to avoid common mistakes and...

Real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR or qRT-PCR is a technique used in molecular biology that enables reliable detection and measurement of products generated during each cycle of a PCR process.Among the qRT-PCR applications are: Gene expression analysis...

Although real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR, or RT-qPCR, is a powerful tool for many downstream applications, it can be frustrating to run a good RT-qPCR due to its multi-process nature.Several factors to consider when running RT-qPCR, which influence...

DNA fragmentation, or shearing, is essential in the sample preparation for Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). This is the first step in preparing your DNA samples.But why do you need to break up the DNA? What are the existing methods for breaking up DNA? What should...

You have just finished your real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR or RT-qPCR experiment. Now what? How do you analyze your data?To analyze your qPCR data, you will need some prior knowledge about the methods to differentiate the expression of the target...

From towering pines to lesser-known yellow aconites, these plants promise to add evergreen leaves and colored flowers to our cold winter.Although wintertime can bring hard feelings, the color and dimension plants provide can help minimize depression and anxiety...

A “vector,” in simple terms, is an agent for transmission. For example, mosquitoes are vectors for malaria; western blacklegged ticks are vectors that transmit Lyme disease to humans. Think of them as the transport vehicle for its passenger.Let us understand what...

If you’re new to omics, or not familiar, omics is a recent scientific field in biology, where large amounts of data are generated from the sequencing of genomes, transcripts, proteins, and metabolites. Respectively, these are called genomics, transcriptomics,...

There are no words to describe the moment when eating a rich, juicy fruit. The scent, the taste, the whole experience when biting into ripe fruit is pure satisfaction.But to ensure that satisfaction, the food industry needs to know how fruits ripen. And this knowledge...

In this article we will learn about some of the cloning vectors commonly used in academic and industrial laboratories.In the previous article, we learned about the various essential features of any generic cloning vector. In the light of that information, we will now...

When preparing samples and experiments in the lab, you are faced with also having to prepare solutions in molar or normal concentrations. In other cases, you have to make solutions from hydrated compounds.To do this, you have to recall your stoichiometry lessons. And...

Most people are familiar with the phrase ¨A picture is worth a thousand words¨, and especially in the scientific field, it is useful because researchers need to “demonstrate their hypothesis”. Consequently, a good way to do it is through an image.Plant imaging is a...

Over the years, scientists learned to exploit many aspects of genetic engineering using bacteriophages, in addition to transduction.One such method is Lambda Red Mediated Recombineering, which is a method based on homologous recombination. This system uses proteins...