Oxidative stress & Antioxidants
Oxidative stress, as one of the most common types of toxicity, is defined by an imbalance between the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the ability of biological systems to detoxify ROS or its related damage. Many types of chemical, physical, and microbial agents can potentially induce oxidative-mediated stress in cells and tissues by damaging the biological components, including proteins, lipids, and DNA. Additionally, it has been proved that oxidative stress reactions can interfere with many essential biological processes such as phagocytosis (immunity and inflammation), cell respiration (mitochondria), metal metabolism, lipid synthesis, lysosomes, xenobiotic biotransformation of organic compounds and cellular signaling.